The Use of Various Elements in Nickel-based Alloys

Wholesale gas prices in the Netherlands and the UK have risen 20 percent recently amid concerns about Russian supplies.

The EU plans to cut its dependence on Russian gas by two-thirds this year and stop importing Russian fossil fuels by 2027. Russia exported about 155 billion cubic meters of gas to the EU in 2021.

The US recently said it would try to supply 15bn cubic meters of LNG to the EU this year. U.S. LNG plants are running at full capacity, and analysts say much of the extra gas the U.S. sends to Europe comes from what should have been exported elsewhere.

The German government called Russia "an unreliable energy supplier". Even though the German government claimed that they have been preparing for the situation for a long time that Russia may stop sending gas one day, experts say it is hard for the EU to replace all of Russia's gas exports any time soon.

The supply and prices of many products in the global market like the Inconel718 powder will continue to be influenced by international situations.

The effects of boron and silicon elements: significantly reduce the melting point of the alloy, expand the temperature range of the solid-liquid line, and form a low-melting eutectic; deoxidation and reduction and slag-making functions; hardening and strengthening of the coating; improving the performance of the operation process.

The role of copper: improve the corrosion resistance to non-oxidizing acids.

The role of chromium: solid solution strengthening, passivation; improve corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance; excess chromium easily forms chromium carbide and chromium boride hard phases with carbon and boron to improve alloy hardness and wear resistance .

The role of molybdenum element: large atomic radius, large distortion of the crystal lattice after solid solution, significantly strengthening the alloy matrix, improving the high temperature strength and red hardness of the matrix; it can cut off and reduce the network structure in the coating; improve the resistance to cavitation , Erosion ability nickel-based precision alloy.

Including nickel-based soft magnetic alloys, nickel-based precision resistance alloys, and nickel-based electric heating alloys. The most commonly used soft magnetic alloy is Permalloy with about 80% nickel. Its maximum permeability and initial permeability are high, and its coercivity is low. It is an important core material in the electronics industry. The main alloying elements of nickel-based precision resistance alloys are chromium, aluminum, and copper. This alloy has high resistivity, low temperature coefficient of resistivity and good corrosion resistance, and is used to make resistors. Nickel-based electric heating alloy is a nickel alloy containing 20% chromium. It has good oxidation and corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time at a temperature of 1000 to 1100 ℃.

Nickel-based shape memory alloy

A nickel alloy containing 50(at)% titanium. The recovery temperature is 70°C, and the shape memory effect is good. A small change in the ratio of nickel-titanium components can change the recovery temperature within the range of 30 to 100°C. It is mostly used in the manufacture of automatic opening structural parts used in spacecraft, self-exciting fasteners used in the aerospace industry, artificial heart motors used in biomedicine, etc.

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Europe has been facing the gas shortage problem since the second half of 2021. The worsening situation in Russia and Ukraine has reduced Russian gas shipments to Europe, leading to a doubling of European gas prices. Energy shortages have sent electricity prices soaring. For these reasons, it is predicted that the price of the Inconel718 powder will continue to increase.

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